Updated: Oct. 5, 2012 (Initial publication: Sept. 15, 2012)
Bibliographic Reports : Grey Litterature
Translated summaries
ENGLISH
Nearly 40% of French consumers feel badly or inadequately protected. This scientific report written in French and made by three members of the Conseil d’Analyse Economique du Premier Ministre (French Prime Minister’s Economic Analysis Council) formulates six propositions to organize a better protection, because this consumers protection is a crucial social issue.
FRENCH
Près de 40% des consommateurs français se sentent mal ou insuffisamment protégés. Le présent rapport scientifique rédigé en français et réalisé par trois membres du Conseil d’Analyse Economique du Premier Ministre formule six propositions pour organiser une meilleure protection, car cette protection des consommateurs est une question sociale cruciale.
Updated: June 19, 2012 (Initial publication: June 14, 2012)
Releases : Neutrality in Systems of Economic Regulation
TRANSLATED SUMMARIES
ENGLISH
"Acting in a neutral way" is an oxymoron. "Companies often require however that States use their powers in a neutral way (eg tax neutrality). In regulated sectors, some are right or even duty , of not being neutral. Firstly, it is the State, which requires the market for other purposes, other temporalities and other values. Secondly, they are also the "crucial operators", which are sort of regulators of second degree, such as transmission system operators or companies capital markets firms. The difficulty increases when the systeme requires neutrality of regulators and judges, when first build economic policy and the second create jurisprudence. Their consistency, impartiality and rationality can create an objectifiable neutralitys
FRENCH
«Agir de façon neutre» est un oxymoron. «Les entreprises ont souvent besoin, cependant, que les États utilisent leurs pouvoirs de manière neutre (neutralité fiscale par exemple).
Dans les secteurs réglementés, certains ont le droit ou même le devoir de ne pas être neutre. Tout d’abord, c’est l’État, qui insère le marché à d’autres fins, d’autres temporalités et d’autres valeurs. En second lieu, ils sont aussi les «opérateurs crucial», qui sont des sortes de régulateurs du second degré : par exemple les opérateurs de réseaux de transport ou de entreprises de marchés financiers.
La difficulté augmente lorsque le systeme économique et politique exige la neutralité des autorités de régulation et des juges, alors que les premiers construisent la politique économique et les seconds construisent la jurisprudence. Le respect qu'ils doivent avoir de l'impartialité et d'une rationalité suffisamment objectivables pourra permettre cette objectivité requise.
Updated: June 19, 2012 (Initial publication: June 14, 2012)
Contributions
Updated: Jan. 16, 2012 (Initial publication: Oct. 6, 2011)
Translated Summaries
Updated: Dec. 8, 2011 (Initial publication: Sept. 4, 2011)
Releases : Neutrality in Systems of Economic Regulation
Translated Summaries
In The Journal of Regulation the summaries’ translation are done by the Editors and not by the authors
ENGLISH
Article: What does it mean to be neutral ? Socrates in the land of regulators
Should regulatory agencies, as we define them in today’s economic and cultural world, be obligated to be neutral in accomplishing their regulatory activities? What would the meaning of such an obligation be?
ITALIAN
Articolo: Cosa vuol dire essere neutrale? Socrate nella terra dei regolatori
Le autorità di regolazione, come sono denominate oggigiorno nel mondo economico e culturale, dovrebbero essere obbligate ad essere neutrali quando compiono le loro attività di regolazione? Quale sarebbe il significato di un tale obbligo?
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Other translations forthcoming.
Updated: Oct. 19, 2011 (Initial publication: Oct. 14, 2011)
Contributions