Nomination of the members of the Haute autorité pour la diffusion d’oeuvres et la protection de droits sur Internet (Hadopi – High Authority for the Dissemination of Works and the Protection of Rights on the Internet).
Complete reference : Barban, P., Les entreprises de marché. Contribution à l'étude d'un modèle d'infrastructure de marché, préface de France Drummond, Avant-propos de Jean-Jacques Daigre, LGDJ, nov. 2015.
As the previous cycles devoted to the general theme of Compliance and aiming to build a "Compliance Law", this cycle takes a particular aspect of this branch of the Law being built and developed, which was applied even before being conceived. Since pragmatism preceded or even prevailed, the theme chosen this year is: Les outils de la Compliance(Compliance Tools).
These conferences will be in French
These tools are very diverse, not only among themselves but according to the sectors in which they are deployed or according to the geographical areas in which they are applied. It is necessary to apprehend them by going beyond the description of the instrument literally shown, as the texts or the promoters show it, without immediately going up to too large generalities. For this reason, some conferences will focus on specific, well-identified mechanisms, such as risk mapping or alert. They may also consider how Compliance Law uses more general tools to achieve its goals, such as lawsuits, incentives or new technologies. This will make it possible to problematize more clearly perceptible difficulties in Compliance Law, such as the adequacy or inadequacy of the constraint in relation to the aims, the consideration or not of the legal and political geography, the articulation or not of the tools between them.
These various conferences will take place in several places, according to the part taken by the different university structures that this year contribute to the Journal of Regulation & Compliance (JoRC) for the realization of the cycle. The result will be two books, one in French: Les outils de la Compliance, the other in English: Compliance Tools.
This cycle of conferences about Compliance tools will begin in November 2019 and will last until June 2020.
The Report on The Patent Markets in Knowledge Economy focuses on the development of new forms of “commoditisation” patents (as sold at auction, by brokers’ interventions, electronic platforms...) that lead to a more structured and open market. The difficulties linked to the emergence of those new tools, first and foremost, the valuation of the patents, are real and must not be ignored. However, for the authors of the Report, the great state of uncertainty where we currently find ourselves implies the need for the authorities to be very cautious, despite that fact the opportunities these different Patent Markets present must at the same time lead to a positive and proactive approach. France and Europe (the European level is imperative) must be present in this arena. For these actors, new experiments must undoubtedly be encouraged and the creation of new forms of valorisation must be developed. Simultaneously, the Patent System would have to be reconsidered to ensure the delivery of high quality patents. In sum, the authors of the Report plead for “sustained attention” to be accorded to these questions on behalf of the public authorities.
FRENCH
Rapport bibliographique (Littérature Grise): Les marchés des brevets dans l'économie de la connaissance (The Patent Markets in Knowledge Economy)
Le rapport sur Les marchés des brevets dans l'économie de la connaissance se concentre sur le développement de nouvelles formes de "marchandisation" des brevets (lorsque vendus aux enchères, par l'intervention de courtiers, sur des plateformes électroniques...) qui aboutissent à un marché plus structuré et plus ouvert. Les difficultés liées à l'émergence de ces nouveaux outils, avant tout l'évaluation des brevets, sont réelles et ne doivent pas être ignorées. Cependant, pour les auteurs du rapport, l'état de grande incertitude dans lequel nous sommes aujourd'hui implique des autorités qu'elles soient très précautionneuses, malgré le fait que les possibilités que ces marchés des brevets offrent doivent faire l'objet d'une approche à la fois positive et incitative. La France et l'Europe (le niveau Européen est inévitable) doivent être présentes dans domaine. Pour ces acteurs, de nouvelles formes de valorisation doivent être développées. Simultanément, le système de brevets devrait être reconçu pour assurer la délivrance de brevets de haute qualité. En somme, les auteurs du rapport plaident pour qu'une "attention maintenue" soit accordée à ces questions au nom des autorités publiques.
GERMAN
Bibliographischer Bericht: die Patentmärkte in der Ökonomie des Wissens (The Patent Markets in Knowledge Economy)
Der Bericht über „Die Patentmärkte in der Ökonomie des Wissens“ beschreibt die Entwicklung von neuen Formen der „Kommodifizierung“ und Kommerzialisierung von Patenten (Verkauf auf Auktionen, durch Börsenmakler, auf elektronischen Plattformen…), die zu einem strukturierteren und offeneren Markt führen. Die Schwierigkeiten dieser Kommerzialisierung sind beträchtlich, vor allem im Hinblick auf die Wertbestimmung der Patente. Die Autoren betonen einerseits, dass die allgemeine Ungewissheit, in der wir uns befinden, zur Vorsicht anhält, aber dass andererseits ein proaktives Eingreifen und Regulierung notwendig erscheinen um dieses Potential zu nutzen. Frankreich und vor allem Europa muss in diesem Bereich aktiv werden. Sie müssen sich hier auf unbekanntes Terrain wagen und neue Formen der Bewertung von Patenten erproben. Gleichzeitig sollte jedoch das Patentsystem reformiert werden um eine hohe Qualität der Patente zu sichern. Insgesamt, fordern die Autoren „nachhaltige Aufmerksamkeit“ der öffentlichen Autoritäten zu diesen Fragen.
ITALIAN
Relazione bibliografica (Letteratura Grigia): Les Marchés des brevets dans l’economie de la connaissance (I mercati dei brevetti nell’economia della conoscenza)
La relazione su “I mercati dei brevetti nell’economica della conoscenza” si concentra sullo sviluppo di nuove forme di mercificazione di brevetti (vendita all’asta, per mezzo di intermediari finanziari, piattaforme elettroniche…) che portano verso un mercato più strutturato e più aperto. Le difficoltà legate alla diffusione di questi nuovi meccanismi, soprattutto per quanto riguarda la valutazione dei brevetti, sono reali e non devono essere sottovalutate. Tuttavia, secondo gli autori della relazione, il grande stato di incertezza, in cui versiamo , implica la necessità per le autorità di essere molto caute, nonostante le opportunità offerte da questi mercati dei brevetti e devono indurre ad un approccio positivo e proattivo. La Francia e l’Europa (lo standard europeo è obbligatorio) vanno tenuti in debita considerazione. Per questi operatori, vanno certamente incoraggiate nuove esperienze e sviluppata la creazione di nuove forme di valorizzazione. Nel contempo, il sistema dei brevetti dovrebbe essere riconsiderato in modo da assicurare il rilascio di brevetti di alto livello. In sintesi, gli autori sostengono che le autorità pubbliche debbano accordare una “attenzione sostenuta” a tali questioni.
CHINESE
书目报告（灰色文献）：知识经济中的专利交易(The Patent Markets in Knowledge Economy)
Informe bibliográfico (Literatura Gris): Los mercados de patentes en la economía del conocimiento (The Patent Markets in Knowledge Economy)
El informe Los mercados de patentes en la economía del conocimiento se enfoca en el desarrollo de nuevas formas de patentes de "commoditización" (vendidos en subastas, por intervención de agentes, plataformas electrónicas...) que llevan a un mercado más estructurado y abierto. Las dificultades liadas al surgimiento de esos nuevos instrumentos, primordialmente, la tasación de los patentes, son reales y no deberían de ser ignoradas. Sin embargo, para los autores del informe, el estado de gran incertitud en la cual nos encontramos ahora implica la necesidad de que las autoridad actúen con cautela, pero a pesar de esto, las oportunidades que presentan estos diferentes Mercados de Patentes deberán a la misma vez llevar a una postura positiva y proactiva. Francia y Europa (el nivel europeo es imperativo) deberán de estar presentes en esta arena. Para estos actores, nuevos experimentos deberán ser alentados y la creación de nuevas formas de valoración deberán ser desarrolladas. Simultáneamente, el Sistema de Patentes debería de ser reconsiderado para asegurar la entrega de patentes de alta calidad. En síntesis, los autores del informe le ruegan a las autoridades públicas una mayor "atención sostenida" a estas cuestiones.
►This scientific event is placed under the scientific responsibility of Marie-Anne Frison-Roche, Juliette Morel Maroger and Sophie Schiller. It is organized by the Journal of Regulation & Compliance (JoRC) and by the Centre de recherche en Droit (CR2D) of Paris Dauphine-PSL University.
Judges, regulatory and supervisory authorities, or even authorities specially instituted by Compliance Law, such as the Agence Française Anticorruption (French Anticorruption Agency), must implement it.
The colloquium aims initially to identify and discuss the procedural rules that they then specifically implement, in particular when the strong requirements of Compliance Law, efficiency and immediacy, new negotiation techniques and commitment, must be articulated with the traditional procedural requirements that remain.
The question arises in particular as to whether the rules of a fair trial should apply (or can they be similar in transactional procedures and in the context of judicial procedures, and how the control by judges operates during homologation) in transactional procedures, with more or less specific treatment of the evidence used.
Secondly, the colloquium considers the way in which the different judges assess the different constitutive standards of Compliance Law. These are often soft Law and depending on whether the judge is repressive, administrative, or European, his or her assessment will not be legally of the same scope or of the same nature, which together leads to an issue of articulation of method. Due to the breadth of the subject, certain sectors will be particularly examined, in particular the banking sector.
Thirdly, the way in which the judge himself or herself applies Compliance Law will be examined, in what appears to be a balance between pedagogy and sanction. It then appears to play a triple role, in that it ensures compliance with standards but also in that it must find effective solutions in a Law which is more in Ex Ante than in Ex Post and that it must support operators so that they act effectively, by mastering their obligations. The motivation for decisions then appears to be a primary issue.
Because this last phase concerns the even more direct relationship between the judge and the operators and stakeholders, this theme is intended to give rise to a presentation and a round table.
to be published in the Compliance & Regulation Series , co published by the Journal of Regulation & Compliance (JoRC) and Bruylant.