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Updated: Sept. 20, 2012 (Initial publication: Sept. 24, 2012)

Breaking news

Le 13 septembre 2012, un député français dépose une proposition de loi sur la neutralité du net

Updated: Sept. 18, 2012 (Initial publication: Sept. 19, 2012)

Breaking news

Work release : GABAIS, Xaviers, LANDIER, Augustin, THESMAR, David, La protection du consommateur : rationalité limitée et régulation (Consumer Protection: bounded rationality and Regulation)

Complete reference : GABAIX Xavier, LANDIER Augustin, THESMAR David, La protection du consommateur : rationalité limitée et régulation. Observations by MONGIN Philippe and TIROLE Jean. 2012, 92 pages. Edited by the "Conseil d'analyse économique" Publisher :

Updated: Sept. 17, 2012 (Initial publication: Sept. 11, 2012)

Breaking news

The German Land of Schleswig-Holstein has issued September 3, 2012 new licenses online games, despite its change of Government

Germany is characterized in that in Europe generally has refused liberalization of the gambling industry. For this, it will incur remonstrance’s from the European Commission. But this issue is the responsibility of the Länder. That is why, when the Land of Schleswig-Holsteing decided in April 2011 to open the sector to competition online games, Everyone saw a sign of liberalism and compliance with European lines. But the government of this land has changed in May 2012 to make way for a coalition, it seems more favorable to a closure of that activity or, at lesse, should be left to public monopolies. However, on September 2, 5 licenses are to be given by that Government to the major operators of online games, which shows that the line previously adopted market-opening games online is maintained, unlike the rest of the Germany.

Updated: Sept. 17, 2012 (Initial publication: Sept. 8, 2012)

Breaking news

On 5 September 2012, the French bank, Société Générale, said it was conducting an internal investigation and it is working with the U.S. authorities in the case of Libor

Libor is the rate set by the bank statements, anticipating purchases liquidity between them. The Libor rate is the result of self-regulation. On this rate, the financial system leans to fix rates many different financial transactions. However, now many banks are sued by authorities, for manipulation. The banks made false statement or organize a cartel, producing a rate in their favor. From the condemnation of the Barclays 26 June 2012 by the Financial Services Authority (FSA), the commencement of proceedings, the constitution of the Commission to think reform Libor estimated pernicious, banks choose their strategy. Most prefer to cooperate fully in themselves investigation leading home and helping the authorities. This was the case of the Royal Bank of Scotland (RBS). Today it is the case of Société Générale (SocGen).

Updated: Sept. 10, 2012 (Initial publication: June 28, 2012)

Sectorial Analysis

On June 28, 2012, the " Commssion de Régulation de l’énergie - CRE" (French energy regulator) has published its report on the application of the Code of conduct which governs the management of transport and distribution of electricity and natural gas.

Updated: Sept. 10, 2012 (Initial publication: June 2, 2012)

Sectorial Analysis

The European Commission adopted on May, 22 2012 guidelines in State aid allowing States to awarding compensation to companies that they support the cost of the market for trading of greenhouse gas emissions.

Updated: Sept. 10, 2012 (Initial publication: Sept. 4, 2012)

Breaking news

On 28 August 2012, Switzerland implements the next postal sector Regulation.

The "Confédération Suisse" (Swiss Confederation) has decided to establish a new regulatory system to make more effective liberalization of the postal sector, playing both on competition, the strengthening of the powers of the regulator and the privatization of the incumbent operator. The system entering in place on the 1st of October 2012, the "Conseil Fédéral" (SwissFederal Council) appointed the new board members of the "Poste Suisse (Swiss Post)" as well as those who will lead the new regulator: the Commission de la Poste - PostCom". We observe that these are the former managers of the "Post Suisse".

Updated: Aug. 28, 2012 (Initial publication: Aug. 23, 2012)

Breaking news

On August 3, 2012, the Royal Bank of Scotland attributed to individual behaviour the breaches to the rules of operation of the Libor.

Libor is the rate of Exchange on the interbank market, important in that and also in what it's on the Libor rate that thousands of external financial transactions in interbank relations are based. In this manipulations on the Libor operated by banks are properly catastrophic. What can therefore be a disaster was opened with the sanction of Barclays on 27 June 2012 by the British Financial Services Authority (FSA) for manipulation. Investigations are underway, on multiple grounds, by many authorities on multiple grounds. The statement made on August 3, 2012 by the Royal Bank of Scotland is interesting in that, in the same time that it dismiss them, it said that manipulations that could discover in it are attributable to individuals and only to them. The system was thus not fraudulent. Therefore the declaratory system could be saved.

Updated: July 23, 2012 (Initial publication: July 16, 2012)

Breaking news

On July 12, 2012, the European commissioner Neelie Kroes announced that she will not act to lower prices of optic fiber.

The optic fiber is a very difficult issue for regulators: they want its deployment, for the good of consumers, but they are not willing to pay much more for this and the operators are not prepared to invest without profitability. Incentives are insufficient and uncertainties, major flaw of the regulation, are very large. This is why the European Commissioner in charge of digital, Mrs. Neelie Kroes, announced that on the one hand that the system would now stable for regulation of the optic fiber and that on the other hand there is no more tendency of the regulator to lower the price of access to cost method which discourage operators to invest.

Updated: July 17, 2012 (Initial publication: July 5, 2012)

Breaking news

On 27 June 2012, the Financial Services Authority - FSA (English Financial Market Regulator) by sanctioning Barclays Bank for the manipulation of Libor rates has put in the center of the regulatory system the credibility of crucial operators.

What is called the "Libor" is a contraction of "London InterBank Exchange Rate". Each morning, the banks reported Libor rates and all of the exchanges are backed with these statements. It is therefore the confidence that we make to them that holds the system. In a declarative system, it was easy for the Barclays Bank to report an inaccurate Libor, upward or downward, according to trade that it wanted to do. This is legally of course a price manipulation, which was sanctioned by the "Financial Securities Authority - FSA" on June 27, 2012, inflicting Bank fined nearly £ 60 million. But it is especially throughout the system of credibility of this Bank, and banks, which is undermined, since everything is based on the statements. We understand that therefore all managers are laid off, etc. Will that be enough to keep a system purely declarative?
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