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The United States Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit strikes down a decision that the Federal Communications Commission (FCC), the American telecommunications regulation agency, had taken against an Internet service provider, on the grounds that the FCC is incompetent to impose the theory of network neutrality on Internet service providers.

ENGLISH:

The statutory audit forms part of the way in which stakeholders in companies obtain reliable financial information, thereby contributing to the efficient working of an open economy. In fact, the statutory audit is above all a matter of confidence. By opining on the reliability and the fairness of financial statements, statutory auditors add confidence to for-profit and not-for-profit relationships, and equally throughout the economy and to society in general.

PORTUGUESE

Artigo (Finanças): Um obstáculo para o desenvolvimento e a emergência de empresas de auditoria de envergadura internacional?

A auditoria legal faz parte do modo segundo o qual os interessados nas empresas (“Stakeholders”) obtêm informação financeira confiável, contribuindo para o funcionamento eficiente de uma economia aberta. Com efeito, a auditoria legal é, acima de tudo, uma questão de confiança. Através da opinião sobre a confiabilidade e a justeza de posições financeiras, auditores legais dão confiança para relações dirigidas ao lucro e relações não dirigidas ao lucro, e também para a economia e a sociedade em geral.

CHINESE:

记事（金融）：高水平国际审计事务所的出现及其发展障碍。

 

法定审计是股东获取公司可靠财务信息的一种形式，有助于开放型经济的高效运作。事实上，法定审计的关键在于信任。通过可靠和清晰地财务报表，审计员增进盈利性与非盈利性之间的信任关系，并大体上贯穿于整个经济和当今社会。

GERMAN

Artikel (Finanzen): Ein Hindernis für die Entstehung und Entwicklung von internationalen Wirtschaftsprüfungsgesellschaften?

Die gesetzliche Wirtschaftsprüfung ist eine Quelle verlässlicher finanzieller Informationen für privatwirtschaftliche Interessenvertreter und trägt dadurch zur effizienten Funktionsweise der offenen Marktwirtschaft bei. Gesetzliche Wirtschaftsprüfung ist eine vor allem eine Sache des Vertrauens. Durch die Einschätzung von Verlässlichkeit und Fairness von Finanzberichten, tragen gesetzliche Wirtschaftsprüfer zum Aufbau einer Vertrauensbasis von profitorientierten und nicht-profitorientierten Beziehungen, sowie ganz allgemein für Vertrauen in der Wirtschaft und der Gesellschaft bei.

In Cameroon, the electricity sector is organized around a public operator, the Aes-Sonel, which the State conceded the transmission and distribution of electricity. The “Agence de Régulation du Secteur de l’Energie – ARSEL ( Cameroons Regulatory Agency Electricity Sector ) is responsible for ensuring the proper functioning of the system, quality of service and consumer protection. As in other African countries for the moment the country suffers from a lack of electrification planning and a lack of access to electricity, a significant portion of the population. However, the regulator has commissioned a survey from June 4 to August 16, 2012. He was released on September 5 which he says the study shows that the operator doesn’t provide public service obligations correctly towards consumers. The operator responds by saying that on the one hand the study is not conclusive and that other conditions, external to him, do not bring electricity to everyone but it’s not its fault.

About electric Regulation, Senegal remained halfway. Indeed, it has instituted a regulator, the "Commission de Régulation du Secteur de l'Electricité - CRSE)" (Senegale Regulatory Commission of Electricity Sector), but it built the sector around a public operator, SENEGEL with which the State has concluded a concession contract . This operator has the legal monopoly on the transport and distribution. As for production, it has the right to purchase electricity produced by independent producers, as it can sell them electricity if necessary. The prices are regulated by the regulator, through a cap. On 4 August 2012, the regulator has reported a plan of action. This is to make more transparent the relationship between the public operator and independent producers, the information being given to consumers. This is for encouraging them to act and obtain prices more favorable. This incentive is an alternative to net more liberalization of the sector.

The postal Regulation Authority (PostReg) is an independent body attached to the Federal Department of the environment, transport, energy and communication (DETEC). It has the mission to assess the liberalisation of the sector and its proper functioning. In its report presented on May 14, 2012, it notices first of all the satisfactory quality of the service provided by the Post, since not only the mails but the packages arrived on time. But concerning the openness to competition, the monopoly held by the Post on the mail lets him maintaining a dominant position on the market of the package. The regulator said that the law already adopted will establish a new authority, the Commission of Post (PostCom) which will further promote new entrants.

Main information

The United States Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit strikes down a decision that the Federal Communications Commission (FCC), the American telecommunications regulation agency, had taken against an Internet service provider, on the grounds that the FCC is incompetent to impose the theory of network neutrality on Internet service providers.

The Autorité de régulation des communications électroniques et des postes (ARCEP - French regulator of Telecommunications and Posts) granted a licence for a new entrant, Free, what was widely challenged. This allocation was made in exchange f a number of commitments of recipient, especially towards the virtual mobile networks operators (MVNO). Indeed, FREE must allow them to use its facilities and its authorisation, the satisfaction of the commitment which has the effect of fostering competition in the mobile phone market. However, some virtual mobile networks operators (MVNO) complained that Free would not respect its commitments in that the offer of host that FREE have made in exchange, of a higher price of retail price, which is contrary to the principle of opening up competition. The regulator opens proceedings against FREE.

Regulating Access to Stimulate Competition in Postal Markets

Translated Summaries

In The Journal of Regulation the summaries’ translation are done by the Editors and not by the authors

ENGLISH

The Conseil d’Etat (French Council of State) handed down a ruling (n°339154) on October 19, 2011 in the French Data Network, Apple, and iTunes case. In this ruling, it refused to annul the decree giving the "Haute Autorité pour la diffusion des œuvres et la protection des droits sur Internet" (HADOPI — France’s Internet Piracy Regulator) the power to issue injunctions to force the accessibility of essential information on the Internet in order to guarantee interoperability, using either penalties or fines.

 

FRENCH

Le Conseil d’Etat a rendu un arrêt (n ° 339154) le 19 Octobre 2011 French Data Network, Apple et iTunes. Dans cet arrêt, il a refusé d’annuler le décret donnant à la Haute Autorité pour la diffusion des Œuvres et la protection des Droits sur Internet (HADOPI) le pouvoir d’émettre des injonctions pour forcer l’accessibilité des ’informations essentielles sur Internet afin de garantir l’interopérabilité, en utilisant des injonctions ou des amendes.

ITALIAN

Il “Conseil d’Etat” (il Consiglio di Stato francese) ha pronunciato una decisione (n° 339154) il 19 ottobre 2011 nel caso della rete di dati francese, Apple ed iTunes. In questa decisione, il Consiglio di stato ha rifiutato di annullare il decreto che conferisce alla “Haute Autorité pour la diffusion des œuvres et la protection des droits sur Internet” (HADOPI – l’autorità francese di regolazione contro la pirateria informatica) il potere di emettere delle sanzioni per assicurare l’accessibilità di informazioni essenziali su internet per garantire l’interoperabilità, usando così delle multe o delle ammende.

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Other translations forthcoming.

Economic regulation systems only work if regulators are independent, which implies in a minimal way that they are not corrupt. Few countries meet this basic requirement. Côte d'Ivoire has a telecommunications Agency, which is a State Corporation. By order of March 21, 2012, the Government creates the telecommunications regulatory authority. On May 4, 2012, the Board of Directors of the Agency of telecommunications convened to an extraordinary session and put an end to the mandate of its Director General, because of "serious shortcomings observed in the performance of his duties". He was immediately replaced by a telecommunication engineer, previously technical adviser to the Ministry. He was assigned the mission of preparing the transition of the system to an effectively independent, autonomous and impartial regulator.