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France

http://www.conseil-constitutionnel.fr/

 

The Conseil constitutionnel (French Constitutional Council)  was established by the Constitution of the French Fifth Republic, dated 4 October 1958. It is a court with a variety of missions, including compliance control of the law to the Constitution.

It operates a priori control of French laws but also a post-control of laws since 2008.

The French Constitutional Council regularly makes important decisions on Regulation.

June 21, 2016

Breaking news

On 17 June 2016 the prosecutor (Avocat général près la Cour d'appel)  presented its closing arguments (réquisitoire) before the judges of the Court of Appeal of Versailles, in the Kerviel case.
 
On the merits, the prosecution asked the condemnation of the trader for criminal offenses he has committed but asked that the bank, which is presented as a victim of its trader should be dismissed from all its claims against the author.

Updated: May 10, 2010 (Initial publication: Dec. 16, 2009)

Editorial Committee

From 1993 to 2006, Sophie Schiller was an associate Professor at the HEC School of Management, in charge of the Majeure stratégie fiscale et juridique international (Major in international taxation and legal strategy), and responsible for teaching civil law to first year students. From 1999 to 2006 she was co-director of the Master in Business Law at Université Paris 13, an elected member of the Academic and Research Committee (comité scientifique) and the Secretary of the Commission de droit privé (Commission on Private Law). Since 2006, she is in charge of teaching business contract law, corporate law and competition law to postgraduate students at Université Lille 2.

Updated: Dec. 16, 2010 (Initial publication: Dec. 16, 2010)

Sectorial Analysis

Main information

In an amicus curiae brief of October 29, 2010, in the Association for Molecular Pathology, et al. v. United States Patent and Trademark Office, et al. case, before the Court of Appeal for the Federal Circuit, the US Department of Justice reversed a longstanding policy by declaring human genes ineligible for patents, because they are part of nature. This new position could have an enormous impact on the medical and biotech industries.

Updated: May 29, 2012 (Initial publication: May 19, 2012)

Breaking news

CAFAGGI, Fabrizio (ed.),Professor of Comparative Law, European University Institute, Italy. Elgar Publisher, 2012, 400 p. Globalization pushes the boundaries of markets. Alongside the greater “goods” of transnational economic activity come the “bads” of unregulated conduct. This important book looks to the new frontiers of legal intervention to make sure that global markets do not run riot over important public values. The signal contribution is not the search for ever higher levels of transnational authority – the superstates of a brave new world – but empowering numerous private actors to enforce legal norms in our fast-changing economic environment.

March 25, 2015

Breaking news

Read the Seminar program (14h - 19h30).

Its issue is the concept of "conflict of interest" by confronting the financial techniques of risk assessment and legal responses developed about it on the rating agencies, especially in 2009.

Speakers are Thomas Aam, Thierry Bonneau, Björn Fasterking, Markus Krall, Frédéric Lobez and Jean-Claude Werrebrouck.

Inscriptions : dherbaut@univ-lille2.fr

Information : marjorie.eeckhoudt@univ-lille1.fr

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Jan. 19, 2015

Breaking news

We hardly listen to to sermons. This is probably why Alain Supiot puts us on the table the text of Bossuet only occupying few pages, but since 1659 occupies the minds on "l'éminente dignité des pauves" (the eminent dignity of the poor). When Bossuet speaks of wealth and poverty, economists have interest in reading it. When Bossuet speaks of just order and "rightful place", lawyers must read it.

Alain Supiot comments it by writing to the following "Le renversement de l'ordre du monde" (The reversal of the order of the world).

Bossuet reminds that wealthy people think everything is owed to them while grace is given to the poor. Bossuet contends that rich people have interest to share with the poor, for thus it can alleviate the wealth that overwhelm them and they can enter the community (composed by the Church) in which poor people occupy the first place by natural order.

In his study, Alain Supiot looks back on the very definition of 'poverty', which accounts for the money the individual has. He takes up the theme of Bossuet to assert that, contrary to what the result of statistical methods (how much per person per day), the wealthy are "poor" since the market isolates them, spreading them of solidarity. Yet the natural order should lead them to share, by paying taxes, and other mechanisms through the welfare state. But he notes that the State departs increasingly this function, drawn in by this model only wealthy (the "rich-poor"), the only available model becoming what Alain Supiot calls "le marché total" (total market)!footnote-15.

We can no share this view of the world, for example if it is believed that the rich share (Social Responsibility Company theory), or if one believes that the state - sort of church - was often selfish, but already listen to the first advice: read Bossuet.

Reading the Union Address by President Barack Obama of the 21th of January 2015 themed fair sharing between rich and poor by public redistribution, we think back to Bossuet.

Updated: Sept. 10, 2012 (Initial publication: July 6, 2012)

Sectorial Analysis

May 31, 2018

Breaking news

In the series of conferences organized by the Journal of Regulation & Compliance (JoRC on the subject of the Europe of Compliance, Pierre Vimont reacted in a "first discussion" at the conference that Xavier Musca, Deputy Chief Executive Officer of the Crédit Agricole Group has just done about the way in which European companies of global dimension can do in a European perspective, integrating the new phenomenon of Compliance.


 

Based entirely on the conference that had just ended, Pierre Vimont emphasized how Europe can develop this perspective of Compliance.

 

Read the restitution of the Pierre Vimont's speech below.

Updated: Dec. 15, 2010 (Initial publication: Dec. 15, 2010)

Sectorial Analysis

ENGLISH

In an amicus curiae brief of October 29, 2010, in the Association for Molecular Pathology, et al. v. United States Patent and Trademark Office, et al. case, before the Court of Appeal for the Federal Circuit, the US Department of Justice reversed a longstanding policy by declaring isolated human genes ineligible for patents, because they are part of nature. This new position could have an enormous impact on the medical and biotech industries.
 
FRENCH

Fiche thématique (Innovation, Santé): le Ministère de la Justice américain se déclare opposé à la brevetabilité du génome humain isolé.
 
Dans une lettre d'amicus curiae datée du 29 octobre 2010, dans le cas Association for Molecular Pathology, et al. v. United States Patent and Trademark Office, et al, porté devant la Cour d'appel du circuit fédéral, le Département de la Justice américain renverse sa précédente politique en déclarant les gènes humains isolés non brevetables parce qu'ils font partie de la nature. Cette nouvelle position pourrait avoir un impact très important pour les industries médicales et biotechnologiques.
 
GERMAN
 
Thematischer Bericht (Innovation, Gesundheit): das amerikanische Justizministerium hat sich gegen die Patentierbarkeit des isolierten Humangenoms geäussert.
 
In einem amicus curiae Brief vom 29. Oktober 2010, im Fall Association for Molecular Pathology, et al. v. United States Patent and Trademark Office, et al, 
vor dem Bundesberufungsgericht, hat das amerikanische Justizministerium seine ehemalige Politik aufgehoben, indem sie sich gegen die Patentierbarkeit des isolierten Humangenoms stellt, da sie Teil der Natur sind. Diese neue Politik könnte sehr wichtige Konsequenzen für die Heil- und Biotechbranchen mit sich tragen.
 
 
 
SPANISH

 

Informe Temático (Innovación, Salud): El Ministerio de Justicia americano se declara en contra de la patentabilidad del genoma humano aislado.

En un informe amicus curiae  del 29 de octubre del 2010, en el caso de Association for Molecular Pathology, et at. v. United States Patent and Trademark Office, et al., ante la Corte de apelación del circuito federal, el Departamento de Justicia reversó una antigua política al declarar que el genoma humano aislado es inelegible para los patentes, ya que forman parte de la naturaleza. Esta nueva posición podría tener un impacto enrome en las industrias medicales y de biotecnología.

 
ITALIAN
 
Relazione tematica (Innovazione, Salute): Il US Department of Justice (il Dipartimento di giustizia degli Stati Uniti d’America) si esprime contro la brevettabilità del genoma umano isolato

In una comparsa in quanto amicus curiae datata del 29 ottobre2010, nel caso Association for Molecular Pathology, e al. v. United States Patent and Trademark Office  (l’Ufficio marchi e brevetti degli Stati Uniti), dinanzi alla Corte d’appello federale, il US Department of Justice (il Dipartimento di Giustizia degli Stati Uniti) ha dichiarato, contrariamente alla pratica consolidata, che i geni umani non possono essere brevettati in quanto parte della natura. Questa nuova posizione può avere un impatto considerevole sulle industrie mediche e biotech.

CHINESE
 
主题性报告(医疗改革): 美国司法部宣称反对基因专利权
 
2010年10月29日,美国司法部通过amicus curiae摘要中涉及的一起由美国联邦巡回上诉法院审理并与Association for Molecular Pathology, et al. v. United States Patent and Trademark Office, et al相关的案件,以人类基因为自然地组成部分并无资格取得专利权为由,宣称推翻之前基因专利权的相关政策。这项新政策将对生物与制药企业产生巨大影响。

 

 

Other translations forthcoming.