In The Journal of Regulation the summaries’ translation are done by the Editors and not by the authors
ENGLISH
On December 5, 2011, the United States Postal Service, an agency of the federal government, announced that it would close 252 of its mail processing centers by March 2012, thereby ending the expectation for next-day delivery of intra-zone first-class mail and increasing all delivery times by one day, as well as seek legislative approval for a plethora of other service cuts.
FRENCH
Le 5 décembre 2011, La Poste américaine, une agence fédérale, a annoncé qu’elle fermerait 252 de ses centres de courrier d’ici mars 2012 ainsi mettant fin à la livraison J+1 pour le courrier prioritaire intra-zone et rajoutant un jour à la livraison de tout autre pli, et qu’elle demanderait au Congrès l’autorisation d’effectuer des coupures de service plus significatives encore.
ITALIAN
Il 5 dicembre 2011 il servizio postale degli Stati Uniti, agenzia del governo federale, ha annunciato che chiuderà 252 centri di smistamento per la fine del mese di marzo 2012, mettendo fine alla consegna in 24 ore di posta di prima classe aumentando i tempi di consegna di un giorno. L’agenzia ha inoltre richiesto l’autorizzazione del legislatore per altri tagli di servizio.
On April 27, 2010, the European Parliament’s Committee for Health voted to introduce an amendment to the European Commission’s ‘Pharmacovigilance and Prescription Medicine Package’, which would introduce a strict regime for online prescription medicine sellers.
The “Conseil économique, social et environnemental – CESE” (French Economic, Social and Environmental Council) expressed its approval of the “Stratégie nationale de développement durable SNDD” (new French National Strategy for Sustainable Development), on January 27 2010, which has been drawn up by the Government for the period 2009-2013. This national strategy is to become the tool for establishing a new model of economic development.
"Acting in a neutral way" is an oxymoron. "Companies often require however that States use their powers in a neutral way (eg tax neutrality). In regulated sectors, some are right or even duty , of not being neutral. Firstly, it is the State, which requires the market for other purposes, other temporalities and other values. Secondly, they are also the "crucial operators", which are sort of regulators of second degree, such as transmission system operators or companies capital markets firms. The difficulty increases when the systeme requires neutrality of regulators and judges, when first build economic policy and the second create jurisprudence. Their consistency, impartiality and rationality can create an objectifiable neutralitys
FRENCH
«Agir de façon neutre» est un oxymoron. «Les entreprises ont souvent besoin, cependant, que les États utilisent leurs pouvoirs de manière neutre (neutralité fiscale par exemple).
Dans les secteurs réglementés, certains ont le droit ou même le devoir de ne pas être neutre. Tout d’abord, c’est l’État, qui insère le marché à d’autres fins, d’autres temporalités et d’autres valeurs. En second lieu, ils sont aussi les «opérateurs crucial», qui sont des sortes de régulateurs du second degré : par exemple les opérateurs de réseaux de transport ou de entreprises de marchés financiers.
La difficulté augmente lorsque le systeme économique et politique exige la neutralité des autorités de régulation et des juges, alors que les premiers construisent la politique économique et les seconds construisent la jurisprudence. Le respect qu'ils doivent avoir de l'impartialité et d'une rationalité suffisamment objectivables pourra permettre cette objectivité requise.
Through the publication of a new regulatory framework by Postcomm, the British Postal Services Commission, on May 27, 2010, Postcomm outlines its plans for regulating the postal sector in the years following 2012. This framework plans to adapt postal regulation to allow Royal Mail to profitably fulfill its Universal Service Obligations faced with drastically declining mail volumes and increased competition.
FRENCH
Rapport bibliographique (Littérature grise) : The “British Postal Services Commission” (Postcomm — la commission britannique des services postaux) publie le 27 mai 2010 un programme de régulation pour un service postal durable.
La publication d’un nouveau cadre de régulation le 27 mai 2010 par the British Postal Services Commission (Postcomm — la commission britannique des services postaux) détaille les intentions de Postcomm pour réguler le secteur postal dans les années suivant l’an 2012. Cet ensemble visera l’adaptation de la régulation postale pour permettre à Royal Mail (la Poste britannique) de satisfaire ses obligations de service universel en réalisant des bénéfices face à une situation de baisse drastique du volume du courrier et d’une concurrence accrue.
POLISH
Raport bibliograficzny (Szara literatura) : “British Postal Services Commission” (Postcomm – brytyjska komisja serwisów pocztowych) opublikowała w dniu 27 maja 2010 roku program regulacji dla zrównoważonego serwisu pocztowego.
Opublikowanie przez “British Postal Services Commission” (Postcomm – brytyjska komisja serwisów pocztowych) nowej ramy regulacji w dniu 27 maja 2010 roku, pozwoliło komisji przedstawić w detalch jej zamiary dotyczace regulacji sektoru pocztowego w kolejnych latach po roku 2012. Całość tej nowo opublikowanej regulacji zmierza do adaptacji regulacji pocztowej, w celu umożliwienia Royal Mail-owi (Poczta brytyjska) spełnienia obowiązków dotyczących uniwersalnego serwisu, i jednocześnie realizacji dochodów w sytuacji drastycznego spadku ilości listów i zwiększonej konkurencji.
GERMAN
Buchresenzion: Die "British Postal Services Commission" (Postcomm - Die Britische Postbehörde) hat am 27. Mai 2010 einen Bericht über nachhaltige Postdienste veröffentlicht.
Die "British Postal Services Commission" (Postcomm - die Britische Postbehörde) hat am 27. Mai 2010 einen Bericht veröffentlicht, der die Rahmenvorschriften für die zukünftige Regulierung des Postsektores ab 2012 detailliert. Die Regulierung der Post soll umarbeitet werden, damit die Royal Mait (die britische Post) seine Verpflichtung des öffentlichen Dienstes erfüllen kann, und sogar Gewinne erzielen kann, obwohl die Nachfrage an Postsachen gesunken ist, und die Wettbewerb immer stärker wird.
GREEK
Βιβλιογραφική Αναφορά (Γκρίζα Βιβλιογραφία): Η Postcomm, η Βρετανική Επιτροπή Ταχυδρομικών Υπηρεσιών δημοσιεύει νέο διοικητικό πλαίσιο για ένα βιώσιμο ταχυδρομικό κλάδο στις 27 Μαΐου 2010
Με τη δημοσίευση ενός νέου διοικητικού πλαισίου από την Postcomm, στις 27 Μαΐου 2010, η Βρετανική Επιτροπή Ταχυδρομικών Υπηρεσιών εκθέτει τα σχέδιά της για τη ρύθμιση του τομέα των ταχυδρομικών υπηρεσιών για τα χρόνια μετά το 2012. Το πλαίσιο αυτό έχει ως στόχο την προσαρμογή της νομοθεσίας, έτσι ώστε το Βασιλικό Ταχυδρομείο να είναι σε θέση να εκπληρώσει επικερδώς τις υποχρεώσεις καθολικής υπηρεσίας, καθώς αντιμετωπίζει μείωση του όγκου αλληλογραφίας και αυξημένο ανταγωνισμό.
SPANISH
Postcomm, la Comisión británica de servicios postales, publica el 27 de mayo del 2010 un nuevo marco regulatorio para un servicio postal sostenible.
A través de la publicación del nuevo marco regulatorio de Postomm, la “British Postal Services Commission” (la Comisión británica de servicios postales) del 27 de mayo del 2010, Postcomm define sus planes para regular el sector postal del 2012 en adelante. Este marco tiene como objetivo adaptar la regulación postal para permitir que Royal Mail cumpla de manera rentable las Obligaciones del Servicio Universal, el cual se enfrenta a deterioro drástico del volumen de correo al igual que un gran incremento en la competencia.
CHINESE
书目报告（灰色文献）：The “British Postal Services Commission” (Postcomm —英国邮政行业监管委员会)于2010年5月27日出台了邮政服务行业长期调整规划。
The British Postal Services Commission (Postcomm —英国邮政行业监管委员会)在2010年5月27日公布了新的监管框架，详细说明了其在随后的2012年对于邮政领域调整的意向。此整体框架旨在于配合邮政领域的行业调整，使Royal Mail（英国皇家邮政）能够完全履行其服务义务，实现利润，从而面对投递总量急剧下降和竞争增加的局面。
In response to the scandal of the drug called the" Médiator", politics, believing that the regulatory authority of medicinal product had not correctly done his job, responded by an act on December, 29 2011 providing the replacement of Agence française de sécurité sanitaire des produits de santé (Afssaps-) (French Agency for the Safety of Health Product) by The Agence Nationale de Sécurité du Médicament (ANSM) (National Agency for safety of medicinal product). The implementing decree organising the regulatory authority was released on April 29, 2012, that allowing the effective implementation of the new authority on the scheduled date: 1 may 2012. There is continuity between the two authorities: it is the same Professor of medicine who is the executive chairman, who was appointed at the head of the Agence française de sécurité sanitaire des produits de santé (Afssaps-) (French Agency for the Safety of Health Product) following the case of the" Médiator", and became the executive chairman of the (National Agency for safety of medicinal product). But the new authority must strengthen its own expertise; this allows therefore an increased autonomy to avoid capture by asymmetry of information for the benefit of pharmaceutical laboratories. The new Act also wants to avoid the links of interests, which lead to the same result of ineffectiveness of the control, and with a focus on transparency as an operating principle.
On December 10, 2010, the Commission de Régulation de l’Energie (CRE – French Commission for Energy Regulation) and the Autorité des marches financiers (French Securities Regulator – the AMF) entered into a memorandum of understanding (the MoU). Cooperation between these two sector based regulators is, for the most part, set against the background of, and aims at, a better (or, rather, burgeoning) regulation of the market for CO2 emission allowances and is grounded in the following principles:
- both regulators undertake to transmit information necessary to fulfilling each other’s respective expanded legal mandate, i.e.:
o protecting investments made in CO2 emission allowances (e.g. by detecting and punishing market abuses, i.e. insider trading, market manipulations, dissemination of false information) for the AMF and;
o overseeing transactions made by market participants on the spot and derivatives markets for CO2 emission allowances to make sure that such transactions are in line with transactions made on the markets for electricity and natural gas for the CRE;
- such mutual information is to notably take the form of regular bilateral meetings at various levels and mutual information may now cover data that the AMF had to keep confidential due to strict legal privilege restrictions applicable to its officers.
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